1483 Nikolaus von Amsdorf, Luther’s friend and co-worker, was born, probably in Torgau (d. 14 May 1565).

1557 The Scottish Presbyterians (called Covenanters because of their solemn agreements for religious and political purposes) signed their First Covenant at Edinburgh.

1706 Emilie Juliane of Schaumburg, hymnist, died (b. 16 August 1637).

1721 Johann Sebastian Bach (16851750) married Anna Magdalena Wuelcken.

1799 Hugh Stowell, hymnist, was born at Douglas, Isle of Man (d. 8 October 1865, Pendleton, Lancashire, England).

1833 Oberlin College, the first coeducational college in the United States and one of the first to offer education to African Americans, opened.

1841 Clara H. Scott, American music teacher and composer, was born in Elk Grove, Illinois (d. 21 June 1897).

1850 Frank Mason North, American Methodist clergyman and hymnist, was born in New York City (d. 17 December 1935).

1858 The Lutheran Hospital in Saint Louis was opened by J. F. Buenger (18101882).

1868 Hans Haas, missionary to Japan, was born in Doundorf, near Bayreuth, Germany (d. 10 September 1934).

1872 Johannes Astrup, missionary among Zulus in South Africa, was born in Christiania, Norway (d. 8 June 1955).

1873 Charles Lafayette Brown, missionary to Japan, was born in Iredell County, North Carolina (d. 5 December 1921, Sanoghie, Liberia).

1882 Ralph Herman Long, executive director of the National Lutheran Council, was born in Loudonville, Ohio (d. 19 February 1948).

1890 In the encyclical Sancta Dei Civitas, Pope Leo XIII (18101903) branded all Protestants and missionaries as  disseminators of errors,who, while giving themselves the appearance of being the apostles of Christ,are seeking to extend the domain of the Prince of Darkness.

1902 Mitsuo Fuchida, Japanese military general, was born at Kashiwara-Shi, Japan (d. 30 May 1976). Fuchida flew the lead plane in the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941. Through the representatives of the Pocket Testament League, he was converted to Christianity on 14 April 1950.

1908 C. F. D. (Charles Francis Digby) Moule, Anglican clergyman and New Testament scholar, was born in Hangchow, China (d. 30 September 2007).

1917 The Lutheran Laymen’s League adopted the constitution and bylaws drawn up on October 1, making it an official organization.

1955 Friedrich Fuerchtegott Wilhelm Schaller, professor of German at Saint Pauls College (Concordia, Missouri) and an editor at Concordia Publishing House, died (b. 23 March 1868, Saint Louis).

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